SPINAL ANESTHESIA AND HYPOTENSION: MECHANISMS, RISK FACTORS, PROPHYLAXIS AND CORRECTION

Hypotension is the most common adverse effect of spinal anesthesia (SA). The insidence SA-induced hypotension in total population 15-33%, patients older age groups it reaches 80%. At young and middle ages, main determinant considered to be a reduction postload venous reflux, due blood deposition capacitance vessels lower extremities. aortocaval compressionsyndromeplays significant role obstetric practice, cardiac output does not change. In elderly patients, prerequisite for development an enhanced basal sympathetic toneon background SA. this category, addition reducing peripheral vascular resistance (TPVR), decline also plays role. Risk factors anesthesia-induced are followings: (chronic alcohol consumption, history hypertension, sensory block upper than Th6, urgency surgery). To prevent advisable reduce doses local anesthetics. Data from studies do confirm effectiveness extended infusion therapy prevention correction hypotension. Vasopressors - phenylephrine ephedrine or dopamine effectiveforpreventinghypotension.